Up From the Bottom, Vol. 1, No. 1
Anti-War Movement
First issue of Up From the Bottom. a G.I. Anti-War newspaper published in San Diego by active duty service members, veterans and their dependents. This issue includes content about a boycott of Tyrrell's Jeweler; the Farm Workers' Strike in San Diego; Nixon's military pay freeze; the case of a female service member held on the Constellation; comics; a reflection by a service member on a nuclear submarine; civil disturbance training in San Mateo; Article 138; George Jackson; counseling services; CIA counter-insurgency; drug abuse; the case of Marvin Jones; the case of Raymond "Charlie" Brown; astride at the Rohr plant in Chula Vista; racism in the labor movement; boycott of Mr. Dependable's; alliance with Vietcong.
Up From the Bottom
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
September 1971
newspaper
Recycle
Environmentalism
An early flyer promoting recycling in Berkeley, California. Prepared by Tom Davis and Tom Regan for the Co-op Recycling Center and distributed by the Consumer Protection Committee of the Consumers Cooperative of Berkeley, Inc.
Tom Davis and Tom Regan
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
May, 1970
leaflet
Overload, January 1970, vol. 1., no. 1
Alternative Media
Overload was a newspaper put out by the New People Media Project in Berkeley, California. This issue contains articles detailing the local struggles of grassroots media outlets, as well as critiques of corporate television, radio and music industries, as well as youth culture and mass media.
New People Media Project
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
January 1970
newspaper
New Harbinger, 1972
Food Coops
The Journal of the New Harbinger was published by the North American Students of Cooperation, a federation of housing cooperatives in Canada and the United States, started in 1968 and centered in Ann Arbor. The Journal of the New Harbinger focused on the promotion and development of food coops. This issue includes articles about food coops in Madison, Montreal, Oakland, Amherst, Philadelphia, New York, Berkeley and Boston.
North American Students of Cooperation
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
February 1972
small press publication
Forty Acres and a Mule
Racial Justice
A chapbook by E. Sharon Gomillion, with drawings by Casey Czarnik. Published in 1973 by Diana Press, a lesbian/feminist printing and publishing house started by Coletta Reid and Casey Czarnik in Baltimore, Maryland in 1972, and relocated to Oakland, California in 1977.
E. Sharon Gomillion and Casey Czarnik, Diana Press
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
1973
small press book
The Case of: Food Price Blackmail or: Who's Behind the High Cost of Eating
Food Politics
A magazine exploring the high cost of food and the corporate politics behind it through words and illustrations.
Written by Margaret Lobenstein and John Schommer. Illustrated by Spain Rodriguez. Lettering by Melanie Jennings. United Front Press, San Francisco
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
1973
magazine
Leviathan, July/August 1969 (excerpt)
Media and the Movement
This essay - "14 Notes on Television and the Movement" - by former SDS leader, Todd Gitlin, seeks to analyze the media as a part of a larger capitalist structure and its influence on the Movement. Gitlin writes that leftists have been hesitant to analyze mass-media, so offers these "notes" as "an invitation to a discussion long deferred." The essay is illustrated by Rupert Garcia.
Todd Gitlin
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
July/August 1969
newspaper
RT - A Journal of Radical Therapy, December 1974, vol. 4, no. 5
Mental Health
RT - A Journal of Radical Therapy, was a radical, “alternate journal” of mental health that emerged initially in the early 1970s in Minot, North Dakota in the context of the New Left. It published 12 issues between 1970 and 1972 and "voiced pointed criticisms of psychiatrists during this period. The journal, originally titled, The Radical Therapist and then Rough Times, was run by a group of psychiatrists and activists who believed that mental illness was best treated by social change, not behavioral modification. Their motto was "Therapy means social, political and personal change, not adjustment.” In the 1969 manifesto that launched the journal, organizers wrote: <br /><br /><em>Why have we begun another journal? No other publication meets the need we feel exists: to unite all people concerned with the radical analysis of therapy in this society. It is time we grouped together and made common cause. We need to exchange experience and ideas, and join others working toward change. The other “professional” journals are essentially establishment organs which back the status quo on most controversial issues… We need a new forum for our views. </em><br /><br /><em>In the midst of a society tormented by war, racism, and social turmoil, therapy goes on with business as usual. In fact, therapists often look suspiciously at social change and label as ‘disturbed’ those who press towards it. </em><br /><br /><em>Therapy today has become a commodity, a means of social control. We reject such an approach to people`s distress. We reject the pleasant careers with which the system rewards its adherents. The social system must change, and we will be workers toward such change.</em> <br /><br />Those involved with this movement sought to offer and alternative to “Establishment” therapeutic approaches. Like many movements of this period, over time, ideological splits divided participants and led to numerous changes in the effort and the journal. <br /><br />This issue focuses on women and includes articles about anger; Midwives in Santa Cruz, feminist therapy; feminine hygiene; women and violence; rape; compassion, altruism and “man-hating”; women as healers; heterosexual politics; lesbianism; obesity; motherhood; body image; poetry; and reviews.
The Radical Therapist, Inc.
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
December 1974
newspaper
The Longest Revolution, June 1977, vol. 1, no. 5
Women's Liberation
The Longest Revolution was a “news and views” periodical from a progressive feminist perspective created by The Collective of The Center for Women's Studies and Services, a women’s liberation organization that formed out of San Diego State University’s Women’s Studies Program, but which moved off-campus because of clashes with university administration. Articles in this issue focus on Anais Nin; women and art; battered women; International Women’s Year; gay liberation; rape; Planned Parenthood; marriage; Indian Health Services; sterilization; police; Date County gay rights; disability; pregnancy; National Organization for Women; media discrimination; local arts; a calendar and letters.
The Collective of The Center for Women's Studies and Services
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
June 1977
newspaper
The Guardian, April 16, 1975
New Left
The National Guardian was a radical, left newsweekly published out of New York City from 1948-1992. The paper was established by James Aronson, Cedric Belfrage, who were committed activists for the Progressive Party and Henry Wallace presidential campaign, as well as John McManus and Josiah Gitt, both liberal newspaper men, though Gitt quickly dropped out. In addition to the Progressive Party, the newspaper also held ties with American communists and the labor movement. The Cold War took a toll on the newspaper, with the decline of the Progressive Party and the rise of McCarthyism in the U.S. During the post-WWII era, the newspaper focused coverage on opposition to the Cold War and militarism, support for emerging anti-colonial struggles around the world, defense of those targeted by McCarthyism, advocacy for the black freedom movement. The newspaper continued to hold a cozy relationship with the Communist Party U.S.A., though it did break with the group over some issues, particularly support for independent political action beyond party control. The 1960s-era brought a new period of political rancor within the editorial ranks of the newspaper. In the end, the periodical changed leadership and renamed itself The Guardian. The Guardian took an increasingly Maoist line, supporting armed struggles against colonialism. During this period, the newspaper attempted to forge ties with SDS and SNCC, writing that "The duty of a radical newspaper is to build a radical movement.” "We are movement people acting as journalists," the Guardian′s staff now proudly declared. In 1970, further ideological fracture lead to the creation of a short-lived rival publication, The Liberated Guardian. In the later-1970s, a more hard-line Marxist-Leninist ideology eroded the newspaper’s reputation for investigative journalism. Readership and support for the newspaper declined through the 1980s and the paper ceased publication in 1992.
In this issue, articles cover the orphan airlift from Vietnam; the end of the U.S. war in Vietnam; Attica; Dominican protests in New York; United Farm Workers organizing in San Francisco; Joan Little; CIA red-squads; auto workers; unemployment; aerospace workers strike; San Francisco “Zebra trial”; government repression against the left; Milwaukee VA protest; the San Quinten Six; housing foreclosures; the Socialist Workers Party; economic recession; the October League; sectarian conflict on the left; Third World liberation struggles; Thieu regime in Vietnam; Soviet socialism; marketplace and letters.
Weekly Guardian Associates, Inc.
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
April 16, 1975
newspaper
University Review, no. 28, April 1973
New Left
University Review was ;published was published by Entelechy Press in New York City. “Entelechy” is a term coined by Aristotle that has come to mean a force propelling one to self-fulfillment. According to the magazine front-matter, "UR. Universal Ragout. Ultimate Repast. Worldly in taste, stellar in ingredients, intergalactic in appeal... Food for thought. Month after month. Whet your appetite." This issue includes letters to the editor; an editorial on Allen Ginsburg, Pete Seeger and Groucho Marx; Weather Underground Communique #13; film review of Charlotte’s Web; an interview with Bernardo Bertolucci; Bobby Seale’s mayoral campaign; women in prison;
Food fads; a music review of Mahavishnu Orchestra, Bob Marley and the Wailers, David Bromberg, the Moody Blues and a set of new blues records; book reviews about drugs, Our Bodies, Ourselves, Vietnam and several books about film.
University Review
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Yipster Times, August 1978
New Left and Counterculture
The Yipster Times, “America’s Only National Underground Newspaper,” was the semi-official newspaper of the Yippie movement, started by Dana Beal and published in New York City. The paper ran, in one form or another, from 1972 until 1989, when the name was changed to Overthrow. It was primarily a journal of anti-establishment politics and culture, with a strong focus on marijuana legalization.
In this issue, articles focus on cocaine use in the Carter administration; the assassination of Orlando Letelier; nuclear power; Washington, D.C. “smoke-in”; 10 year anniversary of the Festival of Life; interview of Abbie Hoffman; police repression in Atlanta; local shorts; Kent State; marijuana legalization; FBI surveillance and Ma Bell; nudity at Black’s Beach in San Diego; letters.
Youth International Party Information Service
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
August 1978
newspaper
Don't Bank on America (excerpt)
Anti-Vietnam War Movement
"This is the story of one of the first ecological political actions of the period, the burning of the Bank of America. (Newsreel distributed this film?)" (Roz Payne Archive) a film by Peter Biskind, Stephen Hornick and John C. Manning.<br />
distributed by Newsreel Films
YouTube
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
1968
film
Pig Power
Police Repression
"As students take to the streets in New York and Berkeley, the forces of order illustrate Mayor Daley's thesis that the police are there "to preserve disorder", and we must organize to challenge their control and preserve our lives as well as our life styles. A short impressionistic montage of music and images pointing up the disparity between their force and ours. The function of police repressing Black and white demonstrators alike is emphasized. " (Roz Payne Archive)<br /><br /> <iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/hsu6SiImwJA" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe>
Newsreel Films
YouTube
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
1968
film
May Day (Black Panthers)
Black Panther Party
"On May 1, 1969 the Black Panther Party held a massive rally in San Francisco. Speakers Kathleen Cleaver, Bobby Seale, and Charles Garry present the rally's demands for the release of Huey Newton and all political prisoners. The film includes footage of the police raid on Panther headquarters in San Francisco a few days prior to the rally and the Panther's Breakfast for Children Program." (Roz Payne Archive) <iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/rD8hKpFDIIo" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe>
Newsreel Films
YouTube
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
1969
film
The Woman's Film
Women's Liberation
"The film was made entirely by women in San Francisco Newsreel. It was a collective effort between the women behind the camera and those in front of it. The script itself was written from preliminary interviews with the women in the film. Their participation, their criticism, and approval were sought at various stages of production." (Roz Payne Archive) "... What we see is not only natural and spontaneous, it is thoughtful and beautiful. It is a film which immediately evokes the sights and sounds and smells of working class kitchens, neighborhood streets, local supermarkets, factories, cramped living rooms, dinners cooking, diaper-washing, housecleaning, and all the other "points of production" and battlefronts where working class women in America daily confront the realities of their oppression. It is . . . a supremely optimistic statement, showing the sinews of struggle and capturing the essential energy and collective spirit of all working people-and especially that advanced consciousness which working class women bring to the common struggle." Irwin Silber, Guardian. <iframe width="640" height="480" src="https://archive.org/embed/cbpf_000129" frameborder="0" webkitallowfullscreen="webkitallowfullscreen" mozallowfullscreen="mozallowfullscreen" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe>
Newsreel Films
Internet Archive
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
1971
film
People's Park
Counterculture
"In the spring of 1969, the Berkeley street community initiated a project to transform a barren and unused university-owned Lot into a park for the whole community to enjoy-a People's Park. Because the park threatened the control of the university and presented a challenge to the concept of private property, the police and National Guard were used to brutalize the people and destroy the People's Park. This film was made by SF Newsreel and was originally rejected as not being political enough. It was too hippie dippy so the beginning five minute rap by Frank Barneke, a peoples park politico was added on in the beginning." (Roz Payne Archive) <iframe width="640" height="480" src="https://archive.org/embed/6383_Peoples_Park_01_00_34_22" frameborder="0" webkitallowfullscreen="webkitallowfullscreen" mozallowfullscreen="mozallowfullscreen" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe>
Newsreel Films
Internet Archive
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
1968
film
Richmond Oil Strike
Labor Movement
"In January, 1969 oil workers in Northern California struck. The local police and the Standard Oil goon squads attacked the strikers and their families, killing one and injuring others. The striking students from San Francisco State were asked to join the struggle. For the first time, workers and students fight together against their common enemy. Footage includes speeches of Bob Avakian." (Roz Payne Archive) <iframe width="640" height="480" src="https://archive.org/embed/cbpf_000123" frameborder="0" webkitallowfullscreen="webkitallowfullscreen" mozallowfullscreen="mozallowfullscreen" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe>
Newsreel Films
Internet Archive
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
1969
film
Off the Pig (Black Panther)
Black Panther Party
<iframe width="640" height="480" src="https://archive.org/embed/Black-Panther-Film-FBI-1968" frameborder="0"></iframe>
Newsreel Films
Internet Archive
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Sunday On the Green
(7 images)
counterculture
"A Sunday on the Green” was a special one-day music festival sponsored by the Thomas A. Dooley Foundation on behalf of the “Jazz Action Movement” and featuring some of the Bay Area's top rock and jazz groups. It was held on the Marina Green at San Francisco's St. Francis Yacht Club on July 14, 1968. The free concert included The Grateful Dead, The Ornette Coleman Quartet, The John Handy Quintet, The Big Black Sextet, The Youngbloods, Monte Waters Big Band, Granny Goose, and the Hylar Jones Quartet with vocalist, Millie Foster.
Roz Payne
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
July 14, 1968
Center for Participation Education Catalogue, Spring 1970
NewLeft/Student Movement
The Center for Participation in Education (CPE) was a university supported experimental college at the University of California-Berkeley aimed at empowering students to devise innovative classes that focused on pressing contemporary issues. The CPE was a response to growing activism and pressure for reform on campus. CPE pioneered courses in Black Studies, Latin American and Latino Studies, Native American Studies, Women's Studies, Environmental Studies, etc. Founded in 1967 from a broader administrative mandate to the Board of Educational Development at UC-Berkeley to initiate and approve experimental courses “for which neither departmental or college support is appropriate or feasible,” by 1969, administrative support had been fatally curtailed.
This catalogue from the Spring of 1970 illustrates the dire straights the program found itself in and lists the classes available that term.
Center for Participant Education
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
1969
catalogue
Center for Participation Education Catalogue, Winter 1969
Student Movement
The Center for Participation in Education (CPE) was a university supported experimental college at the University of California-Berkeley aimed at empowering students to devise innovative classes that focused on pressing contemporary issues. The CPE was a response to growing activism and pressure for reform on campus. CPE pioneered courses in Black Studies, Latin American and Latino Studies, Native American Studies, Women's Studies, Environmental Studies, etc. Founded in 1967 from a broader administrative mandate to the Board of Educational Development at UC-Berkeley to initiate and approve experimental courses “for which neither departmental or college support is appropriate or feasible,” by 1969, administrative support had been fatally curtailed.
This catalogue lists the classes available in the winter of 1969.
Center for Participant Learning
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
1969
catalogue
Cleaver Course Position Paper
Black Power
The University of California-Berkeley was one of the key sites of 1960s-era campus activism. During the early and mid-1960s, Cal students participated in the southern civil rights struggle and protested the House UnAmerican Activities Committee. In 1964, a conflict near Sather Gate sparked the Free Speech Movement. The Students for a Democratic Society were strong on campus and led student activists into the anti-Vietnam war era. During the late-1960s and early-1970s, UC-Berkeley played a pivotal role in the rise of the Black Studies and Third World Student movements.
In 1966, African Americans made up a mere 1% of the student population at the University of California-Berkeley. At the time, the Afro-American Student Union (AASU) was the lone black student political group on campus. On October 29, 1966, SDS sponsored a conference at the Greek Theater, titled, “Black Power and It’s Challenges,” which was attended by an estimated 12,000 overwhelmingly white students and featured keynote speakers, Ron Karenga (US Organization), James Bevel (Southern Christian Leadership Conference) and Stokely Carmichael (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee), who called UC-Berkeley the “white intellectual ghetto of the West.” AASU opposed the conference, calling it “farcical,” “insidious” and “detestable.”
By 1968, the number of African American students on campus began to rise. Early that year, a coalition of black student activists and local community members demanded the creation of a Black Studies Department. In a March, 1968 issue of the Daily Californian, the group wrote, “We demand a program of ‘BLACK STUDIES,’ a program that will be of and for black people. We demand to be educated realistically and that no form of education which attempts to lie to us, or otherwise mis-educate us will be accepted.” In response Chancellor Roger Heyns promised the establishment of a new department by the Fall of 1969. In the meantime, African American students worked with the College of Letters and Sciences to offer a selection of courses on the “Black Experience” during the 1968 school year, including a course titled, “Social Analysis 139X: Dehumanization and Regeneration of the American Social Order,” which was co-organized by four university faculty, but was to be guest taught by controversial Black Panther Minister of Information, Eldridge Cleaver. The 10-lecture class was sponsored by the Center for Participation in Education (CPE), a university supported effort to empower students to help devise classes that focused on pressing contemporary issues. Yet, as students began to enroll in the course, conservative Governor, Ronald Reagan, and state legislators pressured the Board of Regents to pass a new rule stating that classes could only include one guest lecture per semester, an obvious ploy to severely limit Cleaver’s platform on campus. The move set off a new controversy over academic freedom on campus and helped spur the mobilization of the Third World Liberation Front, a coalition of black students, Latin American students, Asian American students and Mexican American students that organized the longest student strikes in U.S. history. Ultimately, Cleaver gave six lectures on campus in 1968.
This document puts forth a defense of the "Cleaver Course," as it became known on campus.
Center for Participant Education
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
1968
position paper
New York Anti-War Demonstration, December 1967
(12 images)
Anti-Vietnam War Movement
In 1967, anti-war activists shifted tactics from “protest to resistance” to the War in Vietnam, seeking more militant means on the home front to challenge U.S. policy in Southeast Asia. In October of that year, anti-war activists organized the first “Stop the Draft Week,” an effort to engage in civil disobedience at draft induction centers. Most famously, in Oakland, hundreds of activists marched on the Oakland Army Induction Center in an effort to shut it down. Police responded with widespread violence. In December, anti-war organizations organized a second “Stop the Draft Week.” In New York, Dr. Benjamin Spock and poet Allen Ginsburg led more than 1,000 demonstrators to the Whitehall induction center in New York.
A December 6, 1967, New York Times article by Homer Bigart, titled, “264 Seized Here in Draft Protest,” offered an account of the protest:
The police arrested 264 persons, including Dr. Benjamin Spock and the poet Allen Ginsberg, during a demonstration yesterday between 5 A.M. and 6 A.M. by more than 2,500 antidraft, antiwar protesters at the armed forces induction center at 39 Whitehall Street.
The mass arrests, anticipated by both the demonstrators and the police, brought the only turbulent moments in a generally orderly demonstration.
But the police were alerted for a livelier protest today when a coalition of more that 40 antiwar groups plans to surround the induction center with 5,000 demonstrators who have been instructed to paralyze traffic in the area.
The Police Department issued an order marshaling all available manpower in the 28,000-man force on either an active or a standby basis, effective through Friday. About 4,000 men were expected to be on duty at the induction station today.
The center opens at 5:30 A.M., Mondays through Fridays, and that is why the demonstrators are obliged to be up long before dawn.
Yesterday's siege failed to disrupt either the induction center or the neighboring tip of the financial district.
The ranks of demonstrators thinned out before the morning rush hour. Leaders said they had no intention of trying to force a halt in the induction process; they merely wanted a "symbolic" protest. But today, they said, would be different.
Starting at 5:30 A.M., according to instructions issued by the Stop the Draft Week Committee, demonstrators will not only block streets in the area but will try to intercept inductees and persuade them to join the protest.
The police massed more than 2,500 men yesterday and defended the induction center, a faded nine-story red brick building of 1886 construction, with barricades so formidable that Dr. Spock had to plead for an opening so that he could sit on the entrance steps and be arrested.
Among those arrested were Dr. Conor Cruise O'Brien, Albert Schweitzer Professor of Humanities at New York University, and his wife Maire, daughter of the former deputy Prime Minister of Ireland, Sean MacEntee. The O'Briens were among a group staging a sit-in at Broad and Pearl Streets, one block from the induction center.
Mrs. O'Brien told newsmen that mounted policemen drove their horses into the sitting group and her husband was assaulted by policemen who followed on foot.
"They [the police] kicked Conor around quite a bit," she said.
Dr. O'Brien, who headed the United Nations mission to Katanga during the 1961 Congo crisis, insisted on medical attention, according to Mrs. O'Brien. She said the police took them both to Bellevue Hospital, where it was found that Dr. O'Brien had suffered bruises. He was discharged yesterday afternoon.
Assembling in early morning darkness, the demonstrators arrived in Peter Minuit Plaza armed with notebooks and cameras so, they explained, they could record instances of police brutality.
But the police, operating under a set of "instructions and principles" issued by Chief Inspector Sanford D. Garelik, behaved in a manner that drew praise later in the day from Mayor Lindsay.
Mayor Lindsay told a City Hall news conference that he had received a full report on the demonstration and believed it was "handled very well by the police."
The Garelik instructions warned the police to respect the rights of the dissenters so long as the demonstrators did not impede the rights and the free movement of others.
All of the 264 persons arrested - there were 171 men and 93 women - were paroled when arraigned in Criminal Court on charges of disorderly conduct. Hearings have been set from Jan. 10 to Jan. 24.
In an unusual step, those arrested were not booked at a police station but were taken directly in police vans to the Criminal Court Building at 100 Centre Street. There, close to the courtroom, the police had set up a booking desk. Equipment for fingerprinting and photographing any who might be charged with a felony was also at hand.
In addition to disorderly conduct, two of the prisoners were charged with resisting arrest. They were Tuli Kupferberg, 44 years old, of 301 East 10th Street, an editor of East Village Other, and Jonathan Miller, 20, of 120 West 106th Street.
Judge Walter H. Gladwin released all without bail but warned the defendants that if they were brought before him after participating in any other demonstrations this week "I shall have to set bail for you."
Hearings for Dr. Spock and Mr. Ginsberg will be held Jan. 10.
Dr. Spock told reporters out of court that he had been "cheerfully straight-armed" by the police when he tried to climb over a triple row of wooden horses and reach the steps of the induction building.
Reporters who saw the incident recalled that the 64-year-old Dr. Spock after failing in an effort to crawl under the barricade, mounted the wooden horses but was gently pushed back into the mass of demonstrators by policemen on the other side.
Finally, a police official showed Dr. Spock an opening at the end of the barricade. Whereupon the child doctor and antiwar agitator led about a dozen demonstrators from the picket line in the middle of Whitehall Street to the building steps. There, surrounded by policemen, they were allowed to squat on the cold stones for a few symbolic moments before they were arrested.
As soon as the van had taken them off, a second, group, this one headed by Mr. Ginsberg, was allowed to repeat Dr. Spock's performance. Mr. Ginsberg, the bearded beatnik poet, was wearing an orange batik shawl, a huge flowered tie, a rosary and a Buddhist amulet.
There were cymbals on his fingers, of the sort affected by Egyptian belly dancers, and he made a cheerful tinkle as the police hustled him to a van.
Some of those who sat on the steps went limp as policemen approached and had to be carried to the wagons while the pickets cheered.
But there was no violence here. Many of the pickets seemed middle-aged or older, and were not inclined to be violently demonstrative. One of the demonstrators, Beatrix Turner, 68, an artist, even praised the police: "I think the police behaved well; I'm full of compliments for them."
Very few Negroes were seen among the pickets.
A younger, much more militant outpouring was predicted today. Tactics "inspired" by the antidraft demonstration in Oakland, Calif., last Oct. 16 will be used, according to the sponsors. At Oakland, missiles were thrown and vehicles set afire.
But spokesmen for four of the sponsoring groups insisted that the protest today would be "nonviolent," even though it would involve "active interference with the war machine."
Meanwhile, inside the induction center, the commanding officer, Lieut. Col. James McPoland, called yesterday's demonstration "a big zero." Induction operations were normal and he predicted that the center would continue to process about 250 men daily.
Youths carrying brown envelopes containing orders to report for induction made their way unmolested through picket and police lines during the height of the demonstration. They vanished through an elevator door that bore the slogan "The Security of World Peace Starts Here."
"Somebody's gonna fight," said Pedro Anton Baez, 19, as he neared the building. "If I have to go to Vietnam, I'll go."
Roz Payne
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
December 5, 1967
Huey Newton Trial in Oakland (29 images)
Black Power
Huey P. Newton was a revolutionary black leader and co-founder, with Bobby Seale, of the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense in Oakland, California, in 1966. Newton was born in 1942 in Monroe, Louisiana, one of the most racially violent parishes in the entire South. Following WWII, the Newton family moved to Oakland as a part of the second wave of the Great Migration. Though his family moved around the Bay Area quite a bit, Newton always felt like he had food and shelter and love. He was arrested a few times as a teenager, including for gun possession and vandalism when he was 14. Newton later reflected that during his childhood in Oakland, he was often made to feel ashamed of being black. In his autobiography, Revolutionary Suicide, he wrote, “During those long years in Oakland public schools, I did not have one teacher who taught me anything relevant to my own life or experience. Not one instructor ever awoke in me a desire to learn more or to question or to explore the worlds of literature, science, and history. All they did was try to rob me of the sense of my own uniqueness and worth, and in the process nearly killed my urge to inquire.” Newton graduated high school in 1959 without learning to read, though he went on to teach himself. In 1966, he earned an associates degree from Merritt College and took classes at the San Francisco School of Law. During this period, Newton began to ask questions about his family and the world around him, which led him to get involved with the civil rights movement. At Merrett, he joined the Afro-American Association and a fraternity, Phi Beta Sigma, and helped get the first Black Studies course organized on the campus. Newton began to read political and theoretical works by radical thinkers, like Frantz Fanon, Malcolm X, Mao Zedong, Karl Marx, Vladimir Lenin, Emile Durkheim and Che Guevara. It was also at this time that he met Bobby Seale and they formed the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense in response to police brutality against local African Americans. The group was influenced by Malcolm X and Robert F. Williams, practiced a militant self-defense strategy and developed community survival programs related to employment, community health, education, nutrition, food security, prisoner’s rights, and other grassroots issues. The Panthers practiced “revolutionary socialism” and articulated their platform in a manifesto, “Ten-Point Program.” The Black Panther Party was willing to work in alliance with other revolutionary organizations, including white radicals. According to Newton, “We don't hate white people, we hate the oppressor: If the oppressor happens to be white, then we hate him.” FBI Director, J. Edgar Hoover labelled the Panthers “the greatest threat to the internal security of the country" and subjected the group to a range of repressive tactics as a part of COINTELPRO.
Huey Newton was convicted of assault with a deadly weapon for a 1964 stabbing and served six months in prison followed by a period of probation. After the end of his probation, on October 26 and 27, 1967, while out partying with friends, Newton and his compatriots were pulled over by an Oakland police officer, John Frey. When back-up forces arrived, a shoot-out ensued, leaving Frey dead and another cop, Herbert Heanes in serious condition. Huey Newton was shot in the abdomen. The circumstances surrounding the incident were and remain cloudy and contested. Convicted in 1968 of voluntary manslaughter in the killing of officer Frey, Newton was sentenced to 2 to 15 years in prison. In 1970, a California Appeals Court ordered a new trial, which twice ended with a hung jury. The prosecutor declined to retry the case for a fourth time.
Throughout these trials, the Black Panther Party organized a powerful “Free Huey” campaign, which caught on nationally and became a point of focus for the broader 1960s New Left. The campaign cast Newton as a revolutionary martyr of systematic state oppression and built him into a political icon similar to other figures at the time, like Ho Chi Minh and Che Guevara. As Gilbert Moore wrote in A Special Rage, “There was an inevitably about the Huey Newton trial which drove me fairly insane. The smell of manifest destiny was everywhere. A giant ferris wheel, spinning, controlled by a conspiracy of faceless robots. In its path lay Huey Newton." Poet Langston Hughes wrote a poem, titled, “Black Panther”:
Pushed into the corner
Of the hobnailed boot,
Pushed into the corner of the
"I don't-want-to-die" cry,
Pushed into the corner of
"I don't want to study no more,
"
Changed into "Eye for eye,"
The Panther in his desperate boldness
Wears no disguise,
Motivated by the truest
of the oldest lies.
Black Panther Party leaders recognized “that a potential black martyr could galvanize young blacks of all persuasions, in a way that they couldn’t otherwise.” Inflammatory Minister of Information, Eldridge Cleaver, said, "At this moment our leader, Brother Huey P. Newton, is being tried by old baldheaded racists who are predetermined to send him to the gas chamber. But they will carry out the sentence over our dead bodies. There seems to be little hope of avoiding armed war in the streets of California and of preventing it from sweeping across the nation. If there has to be a war, then let there be a war." Earl Anthony, author of Spitting in the Wind, wrote, "If you so much as touch a hair on Huey's pretty head, you better give your soul to the Lord because your ass belongs to the Black Panther Party." Newton himself stated, “There will be no prison which can hold our movement down…The walls, the bars, the guns and the guards can never encircle or hold down the idea of the people.” He embraced the idea that he was committing what he called, “revolutionary suicide”:
“The first lesson a revolutionary must learn is that he is a doomed man. Unless he understands this, he does not grasp the essential meaning of his life.
My fear was not of death itself, but a death without meaning. I wanted my death to be something the people could relate to, a basis for further mobilization of the community.
I expected to die. At no time before the trial did I expect to escape with my life. Yet being executed in the gas chamber did not necessarily mean defeat. It could be one more step to bring the community to a higher level of consciousness.”
After his release from prison, Newton credited the grassroots protest for his freedom, saying, “That was the true power of the people - they freed me. I was just sittin’ up in my 5x7 cell, in my 5x7 hell, up there on the 10th floor of the Alameda County Jail.
Newton’s iconic status was also double-edged. Former Panther Hugh Pearson recalled, “From the mouths of Free Huey activists, Huey began to sound like a messiah. Their enthusiasm to see Huey set free paralleled the Christian enthusiasm for the second coming…Young radicals and militants of all persuasions began preparing for the rebellion they were sure Huey would lead.” But, as actor Roger Guenveur Smith, who wrote and starred in the award-winning play, “A Huey P. Newton Story,” reflected, "Yeah they freed Huey. Then Huey came out and they wanted Huey to free them and I keep trying to tell the people, I say people, that's the true power of the people, you freed me, you freed Huey, now why don't you all go ahead and free yourself? But see, they can't do that can they? They can't do that cause the people always have to create what they call a leader and a leader is everything that the people want to be but the leader is everything that the people can never be so then when the leader fails, he's gonna fail, he's just flesh and blood, he's gonna fail, when the leader fails then the whole construction of the concept of leadership fails and then it just becomes a matter of contempt. And that's when they assassinate you and then put your image on a postage stamp so they can keep lickin' you in the grave."
The images taken here by Roz Payne were outside the Oakland Court House.
Roz Payne
Roz Payne
Watts Towers (4 images)
Counterculture
the Watts Towers, a series of interconnected sculptures created by Simon Rodia, an Italian immigrant construction worker and tile mason. When much of the area was destroyed during the Watts Rebellion in 1965, the towers were left unharmed. Many African Americans (and others) from the area, saw the towers as a source of community pride. The Charles Mingus Center (Mingus was raised in Watts) is part of a modern Arts Center built beside the Towers in 1970 in the wake of the 1965 rebellion. The Center has gallery space featuring African-American works, stages LA's oldest annual jazz festival and offers classes in painting, sculpture, music, dance and film animation to local youngsters, taught by professional artists.
Roz Payne
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
ca. late-1960s
New Left Notes, vol. 1, no. 36, September 23, 1966
New Left
New Left Notes was the official newspaper published by the Students for a Democratic Society (SDS). This issue includes articles about anti-draft organizing; the Clear Lake National Convention; financing a movement; SDS at University of Kentucky; National Council Resolutions; National Secretary’s Report; paranoid politics; SDS and electoral politics; merger of National Farm Worker’s Union and AFL-CIO; Radical Education Project (REP) report; Student Un-American Activities Committee at San Jose State College; Inter-University Committee for Debate on Foreign Policy; JOIN Community Union; literature list; letters to the editor.
Students for a Democratic Society
Bruce Pech
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
September 23, 1966
underground press
New Left Notes, vol. 1, no. 47, December 9, 1966
New Left
New Left Notes was the official newspaper published by the Students for a Democratic Society (SDS). This issue includes articles about “We Won’t Go” conference at the University of Chicago; coalition politics; anti-Vietnam war protest ideas; SDS ideology; National Council minutes; the Great Society and Apartheid; the “care and feeding of power structures”; a call for civil disobedience; a report from the Nebraska SDS chapter on a Black Power conference; proposal for national draft card burnings; SNCC Newsline; America in the New Era; a poem by Carl Oglesby; images from Berkeley.
Students for a Democratic Society
Bruce Pech
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
December 9, 1966
underground press
New Left Notes, vol. 2, no. 1, January 6, 1967
New Left
New Left Notes was the official newspaper published by the Students for a Democratic Society (SDS). This issue includes articles about the Student Strike Conference at the University of Chicago; the role of students in social change; high schools and freedom of press.
Students for a Democratic Society
Bruce Pech
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
January 6, 1967
underground press
Right On!
Black Panther Party
Right On! was published by the Revolutionary Peoples Communications Network and the Black Community News Service of the Black Panther Party. This issue includes articles about Attica Prison Rebellion; Eldridge Cleaver and Algeria; the murder of George Jackson; the aftermath of San Quentin; prison resistance by Afeni Shakur; the murder of Leroy King; police shoot-out in Detroit; slumlords; the Black Liberation Army; police repression against Black Panthers in New Jersey; political corruption in New Jersey; Black Liberation Army in Los Angeles; Free Food Program; welfare; prison and trial news; capitalism, dope and genocide; international acts; on Revolutionary Justice; voodoo in the black community; cartoons; poetry and the Ten-Point Program.
Black Community News Service
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
September 15-30, 1971
underground press
Liberated Guardian, vol. II, no. 5, September 1971
New Left
The National Guardian was a radical, left newsweekly published out of New York City from 1948-1992. The paper was established by James Aronson, Cedric Belfrage, who were committed activists for the Progressive Party and Henry Wallace presidential campaign, as well as John McManus and Josiah Gitt, both liberal newspaper men, though Gitt quickly dropped out. In addition to the Progressive Party, the newspaper also held ties with American communists and the labor movement. The Cold War took a toll on the newspaper, with the decline of the Progressive Party and the rise of McCarthyism in the U.S. During the post-WWII era, the newspaper focused coverage on opposition to the Cold War and militarism, support for emerging anti-colonial struggles around the world, defense of those targeted by McCarthyism, advocacy for the black freedom movement. The newspaper continued to hold a cozy relationship with the Communist Party U.S.A., though it did break with the group over some issues, particularly support for independent political action beyond party control. The 1960s-era brought a new period of political rancor within the editorial ranks of the newspaper. In the end, the periodical changed leadership and renamed itself The Guardian. The Guardian took an increasingly Maoist line, supporting armed struggles against colonialism. During this period, the newspaper attempted to forge ties with SDS and SNCC, writing that "The duty of a radical newspaper is to build a radical movement.” "We are movement people acting as journalists," the Guardian′s staff now proudly declared. The Liberated Guardian formed out of a workers strike at The Guardian newspaper in New York City in the Spring of 1970. The Liberated Guardian was notable for it strong stand in favor of armed struggle. An ideological and political split within the ranks of the Liberated Guardian staff led to the newspaper’s demise in late-1973. The original Guardian pressed on and took on a more hard-line Marxist-Leninist ideology in the late-1970s, eroding that newspaper’s reputation for investigative journalism. Readership and support for The Guardian declined through the 1980s and the paper ceased publication in 1992.
This special issue of the Liberated Guardian includes a variety of articles that explore the murder of George Jackson and the circumstances surrounding his killing.
Liberated Guardian Worker's Collective
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
September 1971
underground press
Leviathan, vol. 1, no. 6, October and November 1969
New Left
Leviathan was a radical New Left newspaper loosely aligned with Student for a Democratic Society, published in 1969 and 1970. Early editorial leaders of the periodical included Carol Brightman, Beverly Leman, Kathy McAfee, Marge Piercy and Sol Yurick in New York, as well as Peter Booth Wiley, Carole Deutch, Danny Beagle, Matthew Steen, Bob Gavriner, Al Haber, Bruce Nelson, Todd Gitlin, and David Wellman in San Francisco. The paper, which took a generally serious, intellectual-minded approach to radical organizing, as opposed to the more irreverent tone of the counterculture, ceased publication in the Fall of 1970 in the wake of SDS factionalization. In this issue, articles focus on the New Left and Lenin; the role of the vanguard; a feminist critique of the economy of the movement; legal repression in the U.S. and Europe; revolutionary propaganda; international media; poems.
Leviathan Publications, Inc.
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
October and November 1969
underground press
Leviathan, vol. 2, no. 1, May 1970
New Left and Women's Liberation
Leviathan was a radical New Left newspaper loosely aligned with Student for a Democratic Society, published in 1969 and 1970. Early editorial leaders of the periodical included Carol Brightman, Beverly Leman, Kathy McAfee, Marge Piercy and Sol Yurick in New York, as well as Peter Booth Wiley, Carole Deutch, Danny Beagle, Matthew Steen, Bob Gavriner, Al Haber, Bruce Nelson, Todd Gitlin, David Wellman in San Francisco. The paper, which took a generally serious, intellectual-minded approach to radical organizing, as opposed to the more irreverent tone of the counterculture, ceased publication in the Fall of 1970 in the wake of SDS factionalization. This issue is dedicated to the women’s liberation movement and includes articles focus on the women’s suffrage movement; the future of women’s liberation; class and the women’s movement; women in the male-dominated movement; small groups and women’s liberation; child care; women, family and capitalism; women’s liberation in England; Cuban women; a poem on the Black Panthers; a short play.
Leviathan Publications, Inc.
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
May 1970
underground press
Leviathan, vol. 1, no. 8, 1969
New Left
Leviathan was a radical New Left newspaper loosely aligned with Student for a Democratic Society, published in 1969 and 1970. Early editorial leaders of the periodical included Carol Brightman, Beverly Leman, Kathy McAfee, Marge Piercy and Sol Yurick in New York, as well as Peter Booth Wiley, Carole Deutch, Danny Beagle, Matthew Steen, Bob Gavriner, Al Haber, Bruce Nelson, Todd Gitlin, and David Wellman. The paper, which took a generally serious, intellectual-minded approach to radical organizing, as opposed to the more irreverent tone of the counterculture, ceased publication in the Fall of 1970 in the wake of SDS factionalization. This issue focuses on political repression against radicals, including a lengthy introductory essay on political repression; articles on “torture” by New York City police; the relationship of white revolutionaries to Third World liberation struggles; systematic repression of white radicals; repression against the Black Panther Party; a prison letter from John Sinclair; an interview with correction officer; an essay about the jail experience of Columbia University activists.
Leviathan Publications, Inc.
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
1969
underground press
RAT Subterranean News, February 6-23, 1970
New Left
RAT Subterranean News was published in New York, starting in March of 1968 and was edited by Jeff Shero, Alice Embree and Gary Thiher, who had come North from Austin, Texas, where they worked on The Rag, another important underground paper. Whereas the East Village Other represented the counterculture point of view, RAT had a left political orientation. In early 1970, women’s liberation activists took over RAT and turned it into a women-only periodical to challenge sexism within the New Left. This issue is the first after the take-over of RAT and covers a wide range of topics, including Afeni Shakur and the Panther 21; letters to the editor; women’s take-over of RAT; feminist critique of the New Left; the ambush of New York police in Harlem; the emergence of strong women leadership in the Weather Underground; Kathleen Cleaver in Algeria; sabotage; theft and activism; Boston students protesting a lecture by S.I. Hayakawa; Berkeley women take-over of karate class; a Gay Liberation Front protest at a San Francisco radio station; gas masks; women challenging doctors on abortion; sex and sexism; “Are Men Really the Enemy?” exam; John Sinclair release from prison; Palestinian women and armed struggle in Jordan; obscenity trial against Che; women in China; a Stockton, California, housewives strike; poetry; film review of “Prologue…”
R.A.T. Publications, Inc
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
February 6-23, 1970
underground press
Midnight Special Prisoners News, vol. 3, no. 7, July 1973
Prisoner's Rights Movement
Midnight Special Prisoners News was published in the early-1970s by the National Lawyers Guild in New York. The newspaper was a part of the larger prisoner’s rights movement and sought to provide news about conditions inside prisons from the prisoner’s point of view. It also shared legal information aimed at helping prisoners and expanding their rights. In this issue, articles focus on the Intensive Treatment Program Center in Marquette, Michigan; conditions at Attica State Prison; the purpose of police; reports from prisons in Milan, Michigan, Lorton, Virginia, Springfield, Missouri, Clinton and Bordertown, New Jersey, Bedford Hills, New York, Frontera, California, Dannemora, New York, Mattewan State Hospital in New York, and Riker’s Island, New York; a plea for prisoner unity; the case of the Virgin Island 5; the Wounded Knee 8; poetry; race, class and prisoner unity; the Polar Bear Party; education and liberation; update on a Brooklyn prisoner rights lawsuit; letters to the editor.
National Lawyers Guild
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
July 1973
underground press
FNL de Vietnam del Sur
Cuban Revolution
According to a 2015 article in Slate Magazine by Rebecca Onion, this poster was one of a set created by Cuban artist Felix René Mederos Pazos, "the product of a trip Mederos took to Vietnam in 1969, on assignment from the Cuban government's Department of Revolutionary Orientation.
Cuban artists often addressed international subjects, in alignment with the Cuban Revolution's political focus. (Other posters produced around this time expressed solidarity with anti-colonial guerrillas in Angola, Black Panthers in Watts, California, and the people of Hiroshima, Japan.) These Mederos posters repeated the slogan 'Como en Vietnam,' which was meant to encourage Cubans to emulate the resourcefulness of the North Vietnamese in their daily lives." Roz Payne travelled to Cuban during the 1960s-era as a part of the Venceremos Brigade.
To read Onion's full article, click here: http://www.slate.com/blogs/the_vault/2015/05/01/history_of_cuba_and_vietnam_posters_by_rene_mederos.html
Cuban artist Felix René Mederos Pazos
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
1969
poster
Osawatomie, June-July 1976, vol. 2, no. 2
Weather Underground
Newsletter of the Weather Underground summarizing the latest happenings in the underground, including a notice for an anti-colonial march in Philly, San Fran and L.A. on the bicentennial; news briefs including a short obituary of Phil Ochs; and articles about U.S. meddling in Cuba’s upcoming election; unemployment; the history of Reconstruction and its failure; “anti-imperialism vs. opportunity: a self-critique”; racism in Boston; indigenous sovereignty; and a piece of serialized fiction, “The People, The People.”
Weather Underground
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
June-July 1976, vol. 2, no. 2
underground press
Osawatomie, Winter 1975-76, no. 4
New Left
Newsletter of the Weather Underground summarizing the latest happenings in the underground, including articles about women and class; class struggle in New York; a short story about the Black Liberation Army; a reflection on John Brown; reparations for Vietnam; United Farm Workers elections; the impact of budget cuts in Massachusetts; Berkeley teachers strike; surplus labor; health hazards at work; book review; armed struggle and the Symbian Liberation Army; Puerto Rican independence.
Weather Underground
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Winter, 1975-76, no. 4
underground press
Rising Up Angry, vol. 2, no. 10
New Left
Rising Up Angry was a radical organization compromised of working class youth from communities in Chicago, Illinois. The group published a monthly newspaper that ran from 1969 to 1975. This issue features articles about revolutionary organizing in Asian American communities in San Francisco and New York; a critique of President Richard Nixon's welfare program; and, a statement that explains the repression against the radical press. Also highlighted in this issue is an article about self defense, including information about possession and proper use of guns. Towards the back of the publication, there is an entire page dedicated to local community programs, most of which are medical or legal in nature.
Rising Up Angry
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
1970
underground press
GI Press Service, October 1971, vol. III, no. 7
Anti-Vietnam War Movement
The GI Press Service was established in 1969 by the Student Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam and headquartered in New York. Published in October of 1971, this issue includes a call to participate in a mass protest of the Vietnam War on November 6th. Also in this issue is a statement from the National Peace Action Coalition about the need for an end to U.S. intervention in Southeast Asia, a petition to engage in peaceful protests against the Vietnam war, a comic strip mocking President Richard Nixon and "Vietnamization", as well as an article about the first International Military Rights and Antiwar Convention in San Francisco, California, hosted by Bay Area Concerned Military organization.
Student Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities
1971
underground press
Movement, March 1969
New Left
The Movement was an underground press newspaper based in San Francisco, California. This issue, the "Huey P. Newton Birthday Edition,” was published in March of 1969. In a 3 page spread there is an interview with Bobby Seale about the status of Huey Newton's case, police brutality incidents in the Los Angeles area and questions regarding the Community Survival Programs of the Black Panthers. Also in this issue are multiple articles highlighting the student movement at various universities around the country, including Berkeley, Columbia, Yale, New York University, and San Francisco State University; a statement and manifesto from the American Deserters Committee for American Deserters living in Montreal, Canada; as well as various statements that cover other movements including the American Indian Movement (AIM). This issue ends with a poem from Ho Chi Minh's prison diary.
The Movement Press
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
March 1969
underground press
RAT Subterranean News, February 14-20, 1969
New Left
RAT Subterranean News was published in New York, starting in March of 1968 and was edited by Jeff Shero, Alice Embree and Gary Thiher, who had come North from Austin, Texas, where they worked on The Rag, another important underground paper. Whereas the East Village Other represented the counterculture point of view, RAT had a left political orientation. This issue covers a wide range of topics, including a student demonstration in Linden, New Jersey; a protest against Playboy by the Women's Liberation Front at Grinnell College in Iowa; a Yippie reply to Jerry Rubin; and an article with the complete transcript of the indictment against Clay L. Shaw for conspiring to kill John F. Kennedy. A portion of the issue also highlights local poetry readings and includes advertisements for "swinger" services.
R.A.T. Publications, Inc.
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
February 14-20, 1969
underground press
The Black Panther, Summer 1991
Black Power
Printed in the Summer of 1991, this issue of The Black Panther commemorates the 25th anniversary of the founding of the Black Panther Party. This special edition publication begins with letters sent in from supporters in New Jersey, New York, California, and Oklahoma that aim to raise the consciousness of the black community. Also highlighted in this issue is the continued police brutality in the Los Angeles area, student protests at the University of Vermont and the City University of New York, a tribute to fallen members of the Black Panther Party and a call for release of political prisoners associated with the Black Panther Party that are still serving time due to COINTELPRO related crimes. Most of the issue is focused on the legacy of Malcolm X, expressing the significance of his struggle for liberation, a timeline of his life, and the evolution of his ideology throughout the movement. There are also short international news briefs, a section on “Fallen Comrades,” a historical analysis of the slave plantation and prison system, as well as book reviews and a reading list.
The Black Panther Intercommunal News Service
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
summer 1991
underground press
The Black Panther, October 10, 1970
Black Power
Printed on October 10, 1970, this issue of The Black Panther is filled with various articles from other Black Panther Party chapters across the U.S., one particular article from the Philadelphia chapter compares police brutality in Philadelphia to the 1968 My Lai Massacre that took place during the Vietnam War. Another article from the Baltimore chapter highlights terrible conditions in the South Baltimore community due to episodes of police brutality and poor housing conditions. In Boston, the Panthers write about the right to free public school but are denied the right to walk freely to and from Curley School. The Bay Area National Lawyers Guild includes a "Guide to Know Your Rights" that outlines an individuals rights when stopped by law enforcement officials. Also included in this issue are articles about police repression in several cities; the case of Willie Turner, Jr; the Winston-Salem N.C.C.F.; General Motors; capitalism and dope; welfare system; Neo-colonialism and genocide; the trials of Bobby Seale and Ericka Huggins; a youth conference; a Boston bank robbery; a letter from the "Soledad 7" thanking the Black Panther Party for their support; international news shorts; and, art by Emory Douglas.
The Black Panther Intercommunal News Service
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
October 10, 1970
underground press
The Black Panther, October 16, 1971
Black Power
Articles in this issue of The Black Panther, include: prison riots in Joliet, Illinois, Baltimore, Maryland, Alderson, West Virginia, New Orleans, Louisiana, Dallas, Texas, San Quentin, California and Winston-Salem, North Carolina and Attica, New York; the murder of Clarence Johnson; a boycott of Bill Boyette’s Liquor Store; extensive coverage of Huey Newton’s trip to China; an advertisement for a peoples tribunal aimed to indict New York Governor Nelson Rockefeller and President Richard Nixon; criminal justice in Winston-Salem; a memorial poem devoted to fallen Panther George Jackson, who was shot during a prison escape attempt in San Quentin, California; and, artwork by Emory Douglas.
The Black Panther Intercommunal News Service
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
October 16, 1971
underground press
The Black Panther, December 14, 1970
Black Power
Published on December 14, 1970, this issue of the The Black Panther includes articles on: housing discrimination and poor sanitation conditions in New York City; a garbage dump in Rockford, Illinois; a message to black entertainers; the Cabrini Green housing project; a police attack in Berkeley; a letter to the Black Student Union at Laney College; resolutions and declarations from the People’s Revolutionary Constitutional Convention; a message to black G.I.’s; anti-colonialism in Korea; updates on the cases of Bobby Seale, Ericka Huggins and Lonnie McLucas; the murders of Fred Hampton and Mark Clark just 10 days earlier in Chicago; anti-Imperialism and a war crimes tribunal that took place at the University of California; the case of Raymond Brooks and Katherine Robinson; Community Survival Programs; , the ten point program; Revolutionary Greeting Cards; and, artwork by Emory Douglas.
The Black Panther Intercommunal News Service
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
December 14, 1970
underground press
The Black Panther, January 9, 1971
Black Power
In this January 9, 1971 issue of The Black Panther, articles include: a statement of support for the National Liberation Front in Vietnam in the name of international solidarity; a map of the U.S. showing incidents of "Guerilla Acts of Sabotage and Terrorism”; an open letter to "revolutionary children" highlighting the activism and history of the Black Panther Party; coverage of the trial of Ericka Huggins and Bobby Seale, including articles of support from allies of the Black Panthers and a letter from Huggins herself on "How to Love During a Revolution”; black draft resistance; the New York 21 case; the Jonathan Jackson Commune; the case of Monk Teba; the Juan Farina Defense Committee; Chicago Free Busing Program; G.I. Rights; police brutality in Baltimore, Toledo and Las Vegas; a U.N. Report on racism in the U.S.; a Solidarity Activities Calendar; international news shorts; the Ten Point Program; a statement of party rules; advertisements for The Lumpen, sponsored by the Chicano Revolutionary Party; and, artwork by Emory Douglas.
The Black Panther Intercommunal News Service
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
January 9, 1971
underground press
The Black Panther, October 4, 1970
Black Power
This October 4th, 1970, issue of The Black Panther includes articles about: Attica Massacre at the Attica Correctional Facility in New York State, with a statement from survivors of the massacre along with a critique of the New York prison system; prison conditions at San Quentin State Prison and Folsom Prison in California; the Boston Free Health Center; the murder of John Smith; an update on the trial of three Panthers in Winston-Salem; an interview with Marien N'Gouabi, President of the Congolese Workers' party; a statement of support for People's Republic of Congo-Brazzaville due to the political assassination of Patrice Lumumba; criticism of the California welfare law proposed by Governor Ronald Reagan; a call to sign a petition to grant Panther David Hilliard parole; a Community Survival Program in the Oakland area facilitated by Huey Newton; and, artwork by Emory Douglas.
The Black Panther Intercommunal News Service
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
October 4, 1970
underground press
Basic Ecology Bibliography
Environmentalism
This leaflet is a selection of readings available for purchasing through the mail by the Ecology Center Bookstore in Berkeley, California. The titles center on the environmental movement and include works such as The Subversive Science, The Affluent Society, and America the Raped.
Ecology Center Bookstore
Roz Payne
Center for Digital Research in the Humanities, University of Nebraska-Lincoln
ca. early-1970s
mimeograph
leaflet
ca. 1970s